Samples were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde (Zhongjingkeyi Technology, China) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (PB) (pH 7.4). The detailed procedure of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (TEM) was described in our previous studies (Jin et al., 2023 (link); Zhang et al., 2022b (link); Zhang et al., 2022c (link)). For TEM, specimens were photography with a Tecnai G2 Spirit 120 kV (FEI) electron microscope; for SEM, specimens were viewed with a JSM-IT300 scanning electron microscope (JEOL, Japan).
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