Viability of Ca 9-22 cells was assessed by live/dead staining using the Live/Dead Cell Staining Kit (Enzo Life Sciences, Lausen, Switzerland) following the manufacturer’s guidelines [29 (link)]. Live/dead analysis was performed after seven days of culture. Cell staining was visualized using a fluorescent microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan; excitation wavelength: 488 nm; emission wavelength living cells: 518 nm, green; emission wavelength dead cells: 615 nm, red).
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