ATP content was measured by a commercial bioluminescent assay (ATP bioluminescent assay kit, Merck) as previously described [27 (link)]. After treatments, ATP was extracted by boiling samples for 1 min in a solution containing 100 mM TRIS, 4 mM EDTA, pH 7.75. Bioluminescence measurements were carried out on 100 μL of each sample mixed with 100 μL of luciferin-luciferase solution using a standard luminometer. ATP content was calculated using a standard curve obtained by serial dilution of 2 μM ATP standard solution.
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