Antibiotics were given according to a method described by Chinen et al. (26 (link)) with slight modifications. In brief, mice were orally administered meropenem trihydrate (50 mg/kg/day, Wako) and vancomycin hydrochloride (50 mg/kg/day, Wako) 3 days before pectin feeding, and then continued to being given the antibiotics for 19 days.
Free full text: Click here