Single-cycle HIV-1 NL4-3.GFP.R+ and NL4-3.GFP.R– viruses were previously described (16 (link)). HIV-1(vpr.Q8*) was generated by mutating Vpr Q8 to a stop codon (CAA→TAA) in HIV-1 NL4-3.GFP.R+. Replication-competent HIV-1(vpr.wt) and HIV-1(vpr.Q8*) were constructed by substituting the tag red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene for the GFP gene and restoring the intact NL4-3 env gene. Virus particles were produced from HEK293T cells, concentrated, and normalized by infectivity to Jurkat T cells and by quantitative Gag immunoblotting, as described previously (44 (link), 45 (link)). pLVX-TRE3G and pLVX-Tet-One Puro-inducible expression vectors (Clontech) were produced from HEK 293T cells as described previously (16 (link)). pEasiLv-puro was constructed by replacing the SpeI-SalI fragment comprising the E2-Crimson gene in pEasiLv (46 (link)) with the puromycin N-acetyl-transferase gene. All mutations and constructs were verified by DNA sequencing.
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