Before performing a kidney transplant, we first explain to the KTRs and their families that taking immunosuppressive medications in the correct doses every day at the same time is critical to improve graft and patient survival. In the immediate posttransplant period during hospitalization, the nurses bring immunosuppressive medications to the KTRs and count the number of empty pill wrappings after taking immunosuppressants. The stability of the patient’s adherence as well as the patient’s condition are monitored, and the management of medication is eventually left up to the patient. At the first discharge after surgery, the pharmacists explain the importance and side effects of the immunosuppressants to the KTRs.
When the KTRs are readmitted, we confirm whether they are adhering to their regimens. If adherence is determined to be poor, the nurse intervenes in the management of medication, by bringing immunosuppressive medications or counting the number of empty pill wrappings. However, the assessment of their adherence in ambulatory practice is only by measuring the blood concentrations of calcineurin inhibitors.