Western blot analysis was performed as previously reported 29 (link). The primary antibodies used were against MCP-1 (1:100, ab157808; Abcam), VCAM-1 (1:200, sc-374429; Santa Cruz) and MMP-2 (1:50, ab178681; Abcam). β-Actin (1:200, sc-25778; Santa Cruz) was used as a loading control. Alexa Fluor 480 (1:10,000, ab175772; Abcam) was used as the secondary antibody. Immunoreactive bands were visualized with Odyssey Software (version 1.2; LI-COR, Lincoln, NE, USA). Protein expression was measured using ImageJ analysis software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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