Brain cryosections and astrocytes coverslips were performed as previously described (Song et al., 2019 (link)), and immunostained with following primary antibodies: rabbit anti-Nrf2 polyclonal antibody (1:200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, United States), rabbit anti-HO-1 polyclonal antibody (1:300, Abcam, United Kingdom), mouse anti-Cx43 monoclonal antibody (1:200, Invitrogen, United States), rabbit anti-GFAP polyclonal antibody (1:1000, Servicebio, China), mouse anti-VIM monoclonal antibody (1:500, Servicebio). The secondary antibodies used (1:500, Beyotime): Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG, Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti-mouse IgG, Alexa Fluor 555 donkey anti-mouse IgG, Alexa Fluor 555 donkey anti-rabbit IgG, Alexa Fluor 647 goat anti-mouse IgG, Nuclei were stained with DAPI (1:5000, Beyotime). The fluorescence images were observed and analyzed by a confocal laser-scanning microscope (Leica).
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