RNA was isolated using TRIzol (Life Technologies). Conversion to cDNA and subsequent qRT-PCR analysis were performed using the High-Capacity cDNA Reverse Transcription Kit and Taqman Gene expression Master Mix (Applied Biosystems). Predesigned Taqman primer/probe mixes were purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies. Data are presented as fold changes in RNA levels compared to control treatment, calculated following the 2−ΔΔCt method, with GAPDH and Actin Beta serving as two internal control genes [17 (link), 18 (link)].