TRD patients provided blood samples at baseline, day 13, and day 26, and HCs provided only a single blood sample. Blood samples were collected into EDTA tubes between 8:00 and 10:00 AM after an overnight fast. The tubes were immediately stored at + 4 °C and then centrifuged (3000 rpm/min at + 4 °C) for 10 min within 1 h. The plasma was obtained and stored at − 80 °C.
Plasma inflammatory cytokine levels were detected using the Human High Sensitivity T Cell Magnetic Bead Panel (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA, HSTCMAG-28SK) performed with a Luminex 200 multiplex immunoassay system based on the manufacturer’s instructions. Nineteen cytokines, including interferon-inducible T cell alpha chemoattractant (ITAC), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), fractalkine, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-3a, IL-12P70, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-23, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, MIP-1β, and TNF-α, were quantified twice. The detailed detection process and interassay coefficients of variability have been described in our previous studies [27 (link)].
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