To explore the underlying mechanism by which exosomes regulate phagocytic processes by macrophages, the phagocytic receptor MARCO antagonist PolyG (Sigma) was applied to both in vitro cell culture and in vivo animal models.
For the SCI model, the mice were randomly divided into BMSC-Exo treatment groups and BMSC-Exos plus PolyG (2 mg/kg body weight, Sigma) treatment groups. The exosomes administered in combination with PolyG were mixed with hydrogel and then injected locally on the surface of the injured spinal cord according to our previously described method (Cao et al., 2021 (link)). For the cell culture study, macrophage cells were precultured with 200 μg/ml of PolyG (Sigma) for 30 min. Then, myelin debris uptake by the macrophages was evaluated with or without added BMSC-Exos.
For the SCI model, the mice were randomly divided into BMSC-Exo treatment groups and BMSC-Exos plus PolyG (2 mg/kg body weight, Sigma) treatment groups. The exosomes administered in combination with PolyG were mixed with hydrogel and then injected locally on the surface of the injured spinal cord according to our previously described method (Cao et al., 2021 (link)). For the cell culture study, macrophage cells were precultured with 200 μg/ml of PolyG (Sigma) for 30 min. Then, myelin debris uptake by the macrophages was evaluated with or without added BMSC-Exos.
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