The present pilot study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021 at the outpatient Department of Periodontology, of our institute in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013 and was registered at Clinical Trial Registry of India. A written informed consent was obtained from all the participating patients. The study was also approved by Institutional Ethics Committee.
A total of 20 patients in the age range of 20–50 years were enrolled for the study and were fully informed about the surgical procedure and treatment alternatives. Patients were randomly divided into two groups using simple randomization method by computer-generated numbers to reduce potential bias involved.
Group I – Patients treated using autogenous bone block graft (n = 10)
Group II –Patients treated using allogenic DFDBA bone block graft (n = 10).
The inclusion criterion mandated systemically healthy patients requiring dental implant placement, presence of a clinically relevant bone atrophy of the alveolar ridge in the predominantly horizontal and/or vertical plane as identified by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The minimum defect size of ≤3 mm at crestal and middle sites of bucco-palatal dimension of residual alveolar ridge, edentulous space of a single tooth missing in the maxillary anterior region were included. The exclusion criteria consisted of a history of radiotherapy in the head and neck region, existing severe periodontal disease, bruxism, smoking habit or alcoholism, pregnancy, psychiatric problems, and/or use of medications known to alter bone healing.
After screening, radiographic examination including CBCT analysis was carried out before undergoing the surgical procedure. The patients underwent a thorough initial periodontal examination including the plaque index, gingival index, and probing depth. The preoperative CBCT measurements are as follows:
The alveolar bone levels were measured in their height, width, and depth at the cervical, middle, and apical level taking adjacent teeth as reference [
Figure 1].