The right femora were harvested, wrapped in saline soaked gauze and stored in an airtight container at −20°C. Images of the femoral diaphyseal cross-section were obtained by micro-computed X-ray tomography with a voxel size of 25 μm (eXplore CT 120, GE, Fairfield, CT, USA; 80 kVp, 32 μA, 100 ms integration time). A Gaussian filter was used to remove noise and a global threshold (determined as the average of those selected by a user across all samples, 1220 HU) was used to segment mineralized tissue from surrounding nonmineralized tissue. Cross-sectional geometry of the mid-diaphyseal cortical bone was determined using a volume of interest extending 2.5% of total bone length(3 (link)) and centered midway between the greater trochanter and lateral condyle (BoneJ, version 1.3.3). The total area, cortical cross-sectional area, cortical thickness, marrow area, moment of inertia (I) about the medial-lateral axis (the direction of loading), distance from the neutral axis to the edge of the bone surface (c), and section modulus (I/c) were determined. Geometric measures are reported as original, unadjusted values (values adjusted for body weight are provided in the Supplementary Material(20 )).