The MRI protocol followed a strict and standardized protocol, as previously described (Ringstad et al., 2017 (link); Ringstad et al., 2018 ). Sagittal 3D T1-weighted gradient echo volume scans were obtained using a 3 T Philips Ingenia MRI scanner (Philips Medical systems, Best, The Netherlands) with equal imaging protocol settings before and at several time points up to 48 h after intrathecal injection of gadobutrol (0.5 mmol). We categorized the MRI exams into the following time intervals based on time interval before/after intrathecal injection. Before intrathecal contrast (Pre), and 40–60 min, 2–4 h, 6–9 h, 24 h and 48 h after intrathecal injection, respectively.