Salmonella DNA Microarray Analysis

The FDA Salmonella custom high-density Affymetrix DNA microarray platform was used, as previously described [34 (link),35 (link)]. An 8 μg aliquot of purified genomic DNA was fragmented by incubation at 37 °C for 10 min in a 50 μL reaction containing 1× One-Phor-All Plus Buffer [Tris, Magnesium and Potassium acetate (Ratios 1:1:5)] and 0.1 units DNase I (GE Healthcare, Pittsburg, PA, USA). Following fragmentation, the DNA was labeled at the 3′-end using 1 mM biotin-11-ddATP (PerkinElmer NEL508, Waltham, MA, USA), 5X terminal transferase buffer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), and 60 units of terminal transferase enzyme (Promega), as described earlier. The genomic DNA samples were hybridized following the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA, 2014), washed in the Affymetrix FS-450 fluidics station (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA), and scanned using software of the Affymetrix GeneChip Command Console (AGCC) Scanner 3000. Reagents used in hybridization, washing, and staining were prepared according to the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual [36 ]. For microarray data analysis, a probe set intensity for each allele represented on the microarray chip were assessed using the Robust MultiArray Averaging (RMA) function in the Affymetrix package of R-Bioconductor [37 (link)].