To validate the presence of EBV, EBER-ISH staining was performed on all 5 μm FFPE cases by an automated staining system (Ventana BenchMark ULTRA, Roche diagnostic, Monza-Italy), as previously described [18 (link)]. All steps were performed inside the instrument, from deparaffinization to counterstaining with appropriate positive and negative controls included in each staining run. A control slide prepared from a paraffin-embedded tissue block containing EBV-positive metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a lymph node accompanied each hybridization run. The EBER-ISH stained sections were scanned and analysed by Hamamatsu NanoZoomer-XR digital whole slide scanner.
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