Specimen Collection and DNA Extraction

Specimens were collected by a variety of methods ranging from collection by hand, to dredging, and deployment and recovery of wooden substrates (table 1). Specimens were frozen at −80 °C or preserved in 80–100% nondenatured ethanol following collection unless specified otherwise. For Xylophagaidae, siphon tissue was dissected from each bivalve, and total genomic DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s protocols. Tissue samples collected in Alabama and Florida were preserved in 0.25 M EDTA, pH 8.0 (Sharpe et al. 2020 (link)). Total genomic DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kit (Qiagen) and concentrated using the DNA Clean & Concentrator-25 Kit (Zymo Research) following manufacturer’s recommended protocols.