The measurement of ethylene production was performed according to Xu et al.8 (link). Tomato seedlings were placed in 100 mL gas-tight glass vessels and incubated at room temperature (25 °C) for 2 h. Then, 1 mL sample of gas was removed and analyzed with a flame ionization gas chromatograph (Agilent 6890 Series GC system, Salem, MA, USA) equipped with an activated alumina stainless steel (SS) column. The carrier gas (helium) flow rate was 0.5 mL s−1. The detector and injector were operated at 100 °C, and the oven was at 50 °C.
To determine ACC content and ACS activity, tomato leaves were extracted according to the methods described by Wang et al. 1992 with slight modifications58 (link). Tissues from tomato seedling leaves were extracted in 1 volume of 1.0 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8.0) containing 0.5 mM pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4.0 mM DTE. ACO activity was measured according to Bulens et al.59 (link).
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