DNA was extracted from 300 µl of plasma using commercial
DNA/RNA extraction kits (Qiagen, USA). The presence of HBV-DNA was confirmed and quantified using a previously described method [14] (
link). For the preliminary genotyping, samples with detectable viremia were subjected to a nested PCR using a high proof reading enzyme mixture (
Platinum PCR Super Mix High Fidelity, LifeTech, USA), that yielded a 879 bp fragment. Sequencing was performed in an automated DNA sequencer (
ABI 3130xl, LifeTech, USA) using primers previously described [13] (
link).
The full-length genome of Panamanian sequences clustering in particular clades of genotype F, were amplified using two protocols previously published [15] (
link), [16] (
link). When a sample failed to yield a good quality product with the one-step protocol, the nested approach was used.
The sequences obtained in this study were deposited in Genbank under the accession numbers KJ638656-KJ638679.