In brief, malaria parasites were screened, using malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) kits as described by the manufacturers (Standard Diagnostics Bioline, 2013). Regardless of RDT results, the blood smear microscopy method was used for confirmation. Blood sample collection, malaria diagnosis, and hematological parameters determination procedures had been previously described [27 (link)]. Malaria parasite density was determined more accurately using the actual white blood cells count per microliter, unlike the assumed white blood cells count of 8000 WBC/μl estimation recommended by the WHO [28 ]: malaria  parasite  density estimation =number of parasite count × patient actual  white blood cell count/µlnumber of white blood cell count 200or500.
Hematological parameters and platelets were estimated using an automated Sysmex XP-300 analyzer. To produce quality results with precision and accuracy, daily analysis of EIGHTCHECK control stabilized blood consisting of low, medium, and high levels of controls was done according to manufacturer instruction [29 ].
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