ME was procured from SK Bioland Ltd (Chungnam, Korea) with 14.3 ± 2.0% MGN, 20.6 ± 0.3% HNK and 16.6 ± 0.9% w/w MHNK. ME was authenticated and technical datasheet supplied by the manufacturer. Additionally, we performed thorough in-house LCMS/MS phytochemical characterization and quantification of the active constituents before cell and animal studies. This source of material has been shown to have pharmacological activity in different disease indications in animals in the published literature 31 (link)–33 (link). Baohuoside I was purchased from Chengdu Must Bio-technology Co. Ltd (Chengdu, China). Ammonium acetate, formic acid (LC-MS grade), Uridine-5’-diphosphate-β, D-glucuronic acid ester (UDPGA), 3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfate (PAPS), D-saccharic-1,4-lactone monohydrate, magnesium chloride, magnolol, honokiol were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). 4-O-methylhonokiol was purchased from LKT Laboratories Inc (Minnesota, USA). Protein assay kit was purchased from BioRad, Hercules, CA. All other materials (typically analytical grade or better) were used as received.