Visualizing Tumor Angiogenesis and Invasion

Angiogenesis and tumor invasion were evaluated as described previously [12] (link), [13] (link). Briefly, after transplantation, the embryos were examined under an Olympus SZX-10 fluorescent microscope 2 days postinjection (dpi). All of the embryos were then mounted in 3% methylcellulose (Sigma, USA) so that they were oriented in the correct position for imaging. Both bright field and fluorescent images were captured with a QImaging digital camera controlled with Image-Pro Express software. Images were merged using an Adobe Photoshop CS2 (Adobe, USA) software program. The GFP labeled tumor angiogenesis and the relative emitted RFP fluorescence derived from adoptively transferred tumor cells were analyzed by ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, USA).