Western blotting for the expressions of Wnt2, Wnt3a, Dkk1, and sFRP3 was performed, as previously described method (Cho et al., 2018 (link); Moon et al., 2018 (link)). Tissue samples harvested from the hippocampus were lysed in the protein lysis buffer containing 50 mM Tris-HCI (pH, 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 0.5% deoxycholic acid, 1% nonidet-P40 (NP40), 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), and 100-μm/mL leupeptin. Protein concentration was measured using a colorimetric protein assay kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Protein of 40 μg was separated on SDS-polyacrylamide gels and transferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane (Schleicher & Schuell GmbH, Dassel, Germany). Anti-rabbit Wnt2 antibody (1:1,000; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-ribbit Wnt3a antibody (1:1,000; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), anti-ribbit Dkk1 antibody (1:1,000; Abcam), and anti-ribbit SFRP3 antibody (1:1,000; LSbio LSBio, Seattle, WA, USA) were used as the primary antibodies. For the secondary antibodies, peroxidase anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2,000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA) was used. Band detection was performed using as enhanced chemiluminescence detection system (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech GmbH, Freiburg, Germany). Detected bands were calculated densitometrically using Image-Pro Plus software (Media Cybernetics Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA).