The ProQol Scale, version 5 (Stamm, 2012 ), a 30-item scale, was used to assess nurses’ ProQOL in terms of CS and CF. It is divided into three dimensions: CS, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress The two later dimensions measured CF. Each dimension is made up of 10 items. The responses were scored on a five-point Likert scale, with “1” being strongly disagree and “5” being strongly agree. Negative statements received a reversed score. The overall score ranged from 30 to 150, with low (a score of 22 or less), moderate (between 23 and 41), and high (a score of more than 42).