The αVIII-FLI is a modified version of our previously described method(18 (link)). Briefly, plasma samples diluted 1:30 in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) containing 1% dried milk (PBSM) were incubated with SeroMAP beads (Luminex Corporation, Austin, TX) coupled to Kogenate FS (Bayer Healthcare, Tarrytown, NY). Anti-FVIII antibodies were detected using serial incubations with biotinylated anti-human Ig (anti-IgG1, A-10650; anti-IgG2, 05-3540; anti-IgG3, MH1532; anti-IgG4, A-10663; anti-IgM, H15015; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) and R-phycoerythrin-conjugated streptavidin (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA) using a Bio-Plex 200 suspension array system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA). Results are expressed as median fluorescence intensity (MFI). The threshold for positivity was set at two standard deviations above the mean MFI of the results obtained for healthy donors.