Western blotting was performed as described (8 (link)). Antibodies used were mouse anti-GILZ (G-5) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit anti-MKP-1 (Millipore, Bedford, MA), mouse anti-β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich), anti-FoxO3a, anti-TATA-binding protein (TBP), anti-phosphorylated (p) p38, anti-pERK1/2 and total ERK, anti-pAkt and total Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA) as previously described (8 (link), 30 (link)). Membrane blot density was measured by scanning using the Odyssey system (Li-Cor Biotechnology, Lincoln, NE). Densitometry ratios were normalized to appropriate total protein content and results expressed as a ratio.