Example 4

At 4 weeks after PNx surgery, a significant activation of c-Src (FIG. 5D, p<0.01 vs Sham) and ERK1/2 (FIG. 5E, p<0.01 vs Sham) was observed in LV homogenates in PNx group that was attenuated in those PNx animals given CoPP or pNaKtide (both p<0.01 vs PNx). Comparing to sham group, PNx stimulated protein carbonylation, an oxidative stress marker, in LV homogenates (FIGS. 6A-6B, p<0.01 vs Sham). Administration of CoPP and pNaKtide reduced PNx-induced protein carbonylation (FIGS. 6A-6B, both p<0.01 vs PNx). TBARS data were consistent with the carbonylation data as expected (FIG. 7).

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