Total RNA from tissue samples (frontal cortex, heart and testis) of one rhesus macaque animal and frontal cortex sample from one mouse animal was extracted using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, catalog #15596018) and analyzed on an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer to assess quality (Additional File 1: Supplementary Table S4). The quantity of total RNA was measured by Qubit Invitrogen. cDNA was then synthesized using the SMARTer PCR cDNA Synthesis Kit (Clontech, catalog #634925) and PrimeSTAR GXL DNA Polymerase (Clontech, catalog #R050B). Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) bell libraries were generated by using an SMRTbell Template Prep Kit 1.0-SPv3 (PN 100-991-900) and subsequently sequenced by using Sequel Binding Kit 2.0, Sequel Sequencing Kit 2.1 and Sequel SMRT® Cell 1 M v2 Tray on the PacBio Sequel System (Pacific Biosciences). The Iso-Seq of cerebellum samples was performed as in our previous study [2 (link)] in which the sequencing was carried out on a real-time sequencer (Pacific Biosciences) with C4 sequencing reagents.