Fresh rapeseed samples were prepared to obtain the phytohormone extract [61 (link)]. The standard auxin (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA), cytokinin (CTK), gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), and jasmonic acid (JA), and ABA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) or OlChemIm (OlChemIm, Olomouc, Czech Republic). The phytohormone concentrations were determined by ultra-fast liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-ESI-MS) [62 (link)].
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