APCMin/+ (Moser et al. 1990 (link); Su et al. 1992 (link)), Villin-Cre (Madison et al. 2002 (link)), Catnbflox (Brault et al. 2001 (link)), and Rosa26-LacZ mice (Soriano 1999 (link)) were from the Jackson Laboratory. Catnblox(ex3) mice were described previously (Harada et al. 1999 (link)). Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 mice (Barker et al. 2007 (link)) were kindly provided by Dr. Hans Clevers. APCflox (APCΔ14) mice (Colnot et al. 2004 (link)) were kindly provided by Dr. Christine Perret. Tazflox mice (Xin et al. 2013 (link)) were kindly provided by Dr. Eric N. Olson.
Yapflox (Zhang et al. 2010 (link)) and Sav1flox (Cai et al. 2010 (link)) mice were described previously. Mice with Yap, Sav1, Taz, or β-catenin specifically deleted in the intestinal epithelium were generated by breeding Yapflox, Sav1flox, Tazflox, or Catnbflox mice with VilCre mice. Mice with APC or Sav1 inactivation or stabilized β-catenin specifically in the intestinal stem cells were generated by breeding APCflox, Sav1flox, or Catnblox(ex3) mice with Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 mice. Five daily intraperitoneal injections of 100 mg/kg tamoxifen (Sigma) dissolved in corn oil were performed in mice at 6 wk of age. Animal protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Johns Hopkins University.