Patients who visited the Asan Medical Center Lymphedema Clinic from April, 2010 to October, 2010 were considered for entry into the trial. The following criteria had to be met before a patient was enrolled into the trial: age of ≥18 years, female gender only, history of surgery and/or radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, diagnosis of lymphedema by lymphoscintigraphy, circumference difference of both arms >2 cm at 10 cm either below or above elbow. Participants were excluded on the following criteria: presence of certain comorbidities (current meta stasis, active infectious condition, such as cellulitis of affected arm), history of trauma, or surgery to the affected arm.