For the differentiation assays, HSMM (70 000 cells/well) were seeded in 24-well dishes containing one collagen coated glass cover slip. Cells were transduced with a lentivector containing either GFP or PANX1 [46 (link)] one day prior to induction of differentiation. Based on GFP, a transduction efficiency of approximately 50% was achieved. Differentiation was initiated by switching cells into differentiation medium which consisted of DMEM supplemented with 5% horse serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Cells were fixed in 3.7% PFA on day 5 of differentiation. Cells were stained for myosin heavy chain (MHC) (1:500, MF20, MAB4470, R&D Biosystems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and mounted with Fluoromount-DAPI (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, USA). Cells were imaged with the EVOS FL Auto fluorescent microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific) under 20X magnification. The differentiation index (number of MHC positive cells/ total number of nuclei (%)) and fusion index (number of nuclei in myotubes/total number of nuclei (%)) were analyzed from 3–5 randomly selected fields of view [34 (link)].
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