BRIN-BD11 rat insulin-secreting cells were maintained in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) media (Sigma-Aldrich, CA, USA), supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) (Fisher Biotec, WA, Australia) and 1% penicillin and streptomycin (Sigma-Aldrich). HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium: Ham’s F-12 Nutrient Mixture (DMEM:F12 media) (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin and streptomycin. Cells were maintained in 25 cm2 or 75 cm2 tissue culture flasks at 37 °C in a humidified incubator equilibrated with 5% CO2. All cells tested negative for mycoplasma contamination. Cells were seeded in 6-well plates, 96-well plates, 25 cm2 vented tissue culture flasks or 75 cm2 vented tissue culture flasks and allowed to recover overnight prior to treatment. All cells were treated in media supplemented with 10% LPDS, as described in Bridgeman et al. [12 (link)].
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