Six healthy female pigs (45 ± 3 kg) (Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière, INRAE) were used for the in vivo MRA study to compare the first-pass SNR in the aorta between gadopiclenol at 0.05 mmol Gd/kg (Elucirem, Guerbet, batch 19 M003) and gadoterate meglumine at 0.1 mmol Gd/kg (Dotarem, Guerbet, batch 20GD020A01). The pigs received an intramuscular injection of 15 mg/kg ketamine (Imalgène 1000) and 2 mg/kg xylazine (Rompun 2%), followed by intubation. All GBCAs injections were performed under general anesthesia (isoflurane 3%/O 2 ). The pigs received 2 injections (gadopiclenol and gadoterate) with a 1-week interval between to ensure complete elimination of the first injection, in a randomized order. The CAs were injected through the ear vein, with a total injection volume of 0.1 mL/kg for gadopiclenol and 0.2 mL/kg for gadoterate, followed by 20 mL of saline flush. The injection rate was 2 mL/s for both CA and flush (using the automatic injector MEDRAD Spectris Solaris EP) (Fig. 1B), as applied by Endler et al. 10 For a 26-second temporal resolution sequence, the injection durations of ~2 seconds (gadopiclenol) and ~4 seconds (gadoterate) were considered as not that much different.