As previously described, EDL muscle contractile properties were measured ex vivo [22 (link)]. Each muscle strip (approximately 1 cm in length) was prepared on ice and rapidly mounted in a tissue chamber containing Krebs-Henseleit solution (Sigma, Saint Louis, MO, USA), which was bubbled with a gas mixture of 95% O2–5% CO2. Muscle extremities were held in spring clips and attached to an electromagnetic force transducer for the measurements. The maximum tetanic forces and the force-frequency curves were used to evaluate muscle force-generating capacity.
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