Sleep-wake monitoring was performed using HomeCageScan software (CleverSys, Inc), which allowed automated detection of homecage behaviors, including sleep-wake, based on movements, body postures, and duration and/or frequency of activities as previously described (39 (link)). Each home cage is placed on a platform fitted with an individual visible light- and infrared-sensitive camera (640 x 480 pixels at 30 frames/second), automatic light controller emitting visible or infrared light for 12-hour light-dark cycles, and a video output connected to a video multiplexer for simultaneous multiple video acquisition to a Windows-based computer running HomeCageScan software. For statistical analysis, sleep-wake data were binned in 1-hour intervals and processed through Microsoft Excel.