Western blotting was conducted as in the previous studies [19 (link), 20 (link)]. Primary antibodies used herein include those targeting ND6 (Abcam, ab81212), ND4 (Abcam, ab219822), ATP6 (Proteintech, 55313-1-AP), ND1 (Abcam, ab74257), CYB (Proteintech, 55090-1AP), CO2 (Abcam, ab110258), and VDAC (Proteintech, 10866-1-AP). As a secondary detection antibody, we employed the peroxidase AffiniPure goat anti-mouse IgG and goat anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson) constructs, and an enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) system (Millipore) was used for band detection, after which densitometric calculations were performed.
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