Following the static or shear culture with or without EMPA, cells were fixed in situ with 1% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 20 min, rinsed with PBS and stained with a 4% crystal violet (BD Biosciences) solution for 10 min. Cell morphology was assessed through light microscopy (Leica DMIL microscope and Leica DC300 camera) images and quantified by computing the shape index of individual cells using Matlab scripts59 (link). The shape index (SI) is used as a metric of cell elongation where a perfectly round cell has a SI close to 1 and a straight elongated cell, a SI closer to 0.
Free full text: Click here