Total RNA was prepared and used to synthesize cDNA using SuperScript II reverse transcriptase, as described (Subramanian et al, 2015 (link)). qRT-PCR was performed using gene-specific primers (Table S1) and QuantiFast SYBR Green PCR Kit in Rotor-Gene Q real-time PCR machine (QIAGEN) and ViiA7 real-time PCR system (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to manufacturer’s instructions, and relative gene expression was normalized with Gapdh expression. 2−∆∆Ct was used to compare the transcriptional differences. Cycle threshold (Ct) values of various genes were plotted against Ct values of Gapdh to determine a ratio between different treatment groups.

Table S1 Primers used for qRT-PCR

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