Total RNA was isolated from kidneys using Tri reagent (Molecular Research Center, Inc, Cincinnati, OH, USA) per manufacturer’s protocol. Single-strand cDNA was synthesized using iScript cDNA Synthesis Kit (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) for two-step qRT-PCR. Quantitative PCR was performed using Taqman gene expression assays (TNF-α: Mm00443260_g1, fibronectin: Mm01256744_m1, VEGFA: Mm01281449_m1, EGFR: Mm00433023_m1; GAPDH: Mm99999915_g1; Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA) using a Bio-Rad CFX96 Real-Time System. Data were analyzed using Bio-Rad CFX Manager Software version 2.0 and relative expression quantified using the 2(-∆∆CT) equation after normalization to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as described previously [18 (link), 22 (link), 25 (link), 26 (link)].
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