Precipitated and Spontaneous Opioid Withdrawal

Precipitated withdrawal was examined immediately after a 1 mg/kg subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of naloxone, or equivalent volume of saline for controls, and spontaneous withdrawal was conducted 24 h after morphine was removed. Mice were acclimated in the behavior room 1 h prior to observations and were placed in a clear cylinder for 30 m before testing began. Somatic withdrawal signs were scored live and the total number of episodes of ptosis, diarrhea, teeth chattering, resting tremor, gnawing, genital licking, head and body shakes, backing, scratching, and jumping were tallied as described previously [32 (link), 36 (link)].

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Eacret D., Manduchi E., Noreck J., Tyner E., Fenik P., Dunn A.D., Schug J., Veasey S.C, & Blendy J.A. (2023). Mu-opioid receptor-expressing neurons in the paraventricular thalamus modulate chronic morphine-induced wake alterations. Translational Psychiatry, 13, 78.

Publication 2023

Body Diarrhea Genital Head Mice Morphine Naloxone Ptosis Resting tremor Saline Shakes Somatic Teeth

Corresponding Organization :

Other organizations : Translational Therapeutics (United States), University of Pennsylvania, Circadian (United States)

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of naloxone (1 mg/kg)
Equivalent volume of saline for controls

dependent variables

Number of episodes of ptosis, diarrhea, teeth chattering, resting tremor, gnawing, genital licking, head and body shakes, backing, scratching, and jumping

control variables

Mice were acclimated in the behavior room 1 h prior to observations
Mice were placed in a clear cylinder for 30 m before testing began

controls

Positive control: Subcutaneous (s.c.) dose of naloxone (1 mg/kg)
Negative control: Equivalent volume of saline

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