Thirty-two gauge catheters were inserted through the atlanto-occipital membrane and extended to T8 (36 (link)). The location of each catheter was confirmed following euthanasia. Rats received either BDNF antagonist trkB-Fc (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN), 5 µg in 10 µl sterile saline or vehicle once/day during the 9-day stress period or BDNF siRNA or control siRNA (2 µg of the appropriate siRNA; 1:5 v/v with i-Fect transfection reagent Neuromics, Edina, MN). Each rat received 2ug siRNA/10 µl.) on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 of the 9 day stress period.