Six human squamous cell carcicnoma (SCC) cell lines (UM-SCC-74A, UM-SCC-1, UM-SCC-11A, UM-SCC-47, UD-SCC-2, and ATCC CAL 27) were used and cultured in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Gibco/Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 10% heat inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco/Invitrogen), 50 μg/ml of penicillin G, 50 μg/ml of streptomycin sulfate, and 1× MEM NEAA (Gibco/ Invitrogen). Vero (African green monkey kidney cells, ATCC) cells were maintained in DMEM containing 10% FBS without 1× MEM NEAA. All cell lines were maintained at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere at 5% CO2.
The construction and generation of both control rHSVQ1 and RAMBO (Rapid Antiangiogenesis Mediated By Oncolytic Virus) viruses have been previously described.30 (link) Viruses were propagated in Vero cells, purified, and infectious virus titers (plaque forming unit per ml (pfu/ml)) were determined by standard plaque forming unit assay on Vero cells.31 (link),32 (link)