Investigating Intraventricular Hemorrhage Pathways

Briefly, this study has three parts. First, rats were randomly divided into two groups (sham, IVH). The IVH group received an injection of 200 μL homologous blood while the sham group received the same volume of saline into the right lateral ventricle. Rats were euthanized at day 7, the brains were used for ventricular volume calculation (n = 6 per group), western blot (n = 6 per group) and brain histology (n = 4 per group). Second, rats were treated with metformin [65 (link),66 (link)] (Abcam, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline (equal volume, i.p.) daily for the following 7 days after IVH, then were euthanized at Day 7. The brains were used for ventricular volume calculation (n = 6 per group), western blot (n = 6 per group), internalization assay (n = 6 per group) and brain histology (n = 4 per group). Third, rats were divided into sham, IVH + Vehicle (2% dimethyl sulfoxide in saline), IVH + VEGFR2 inhibitor (SU5416, MCE, 25 mg/kg, i.p.) and IVH + p-Src inhibitor (PP2, Abcam, 1 mg/kg, i.p.). SU5416 or PP2 were injected at day 0 and day 3 [13 (link),67 (link),68 (link)]. At day 7, rats were euthanized and the brains were used for ventricular volume calculation (n = 6 per groups), western blot (n = 6 per groups) and brain histology (n = 4 per groups) (Figure 6).