2.5 × 105 flow cytometry-sorted Treg cells were seeded on a 96-well Seahorse cell culture plate and analyzed on a Seahorse XF24 Analyzer (10 (link)). The following drugs and corresponding doses were loaded onto ports A, B, C, and D in the same order: Oligomycin (2.5 uM, Sigma-Aldrich cat no. 75351), CCCP (10 uM, Sigma-Aldrich cat no. C2759), Antimycin A/Piercidin (2 uM each, Sigma-Aldrich cat no. A8674 and 15379, respectively), and 2-deoxyglucose (25 mM, Sigma-Aldrich cat no. D8375).