An electronic survey was used to gather information on weight and height in order to calculate each participant’s Body Mass Index (BMI). Climbing level for the last 12 months was collected and classified according to the recommendations of the IRCRA [18 (link)]. The prevalence of jumping descent in bouldering was recorded through questions designed by the authors.
The Nordic questionnaire of back pain [19 (link)], adjusted for sport specific settings [20 (link)], was used to examine the lifetime and one-year prevalence of thoracolumbar back pain as well as training volume of the participants. The Nordic questionnaire of back pain has shown acceptable test–retest reliability and validity to clinical examination [19 (link), 20 (link)]. Based on the sport adjusted Nordic questionnaire, questions focusing on training volume between 10 and 20 years of age were computed, since athletes are plausibly more susceptible to develop radiographic spinal changes of the spine during the growth spurt [13 (link), 21 (link)]. The Oswestry back pain disability index [22 (link)] was used to examine disability associated to thoracic and lumbar back pain.
The Nordic questionnaire of back pain [19 (link)], adjusted for sport specific settings [20 (link)], was used to examine the lifetime and one-year prevalence of thoracolumbar back pain as well as training volume of the participants. The Nordic questionnaire of back pain has shown acceptable test–retest reliability and validity to clinical examination [19 (link), 20 (link)]. Based on the sport adjusted Nordic questionnaire, questions focusing on training volume between 10 and 20 years of age were computed, since athletes are plausibly more susceptible to develop radiographic spinal changes of the spine during the growth spurt [13 (link), 21 (link)]. The Oswestry back pain disability index [22 (link)] was used to examine disability associated to thoracic and lumbar back pain.
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