For Col quantification on day 14, samples from cell groups were digested in 0.1 mg/mL pepsin (Sigma-Aldrich) in 0.2 M acetic acid at 37 °C for 16 hours. A Sircol assay kit (Biocolor Life Science Assays) was then used to quantify Col. For GAG and DNA quantification on day 14, other samples from cell groupings were digested in 125 μg/ml papain (Sigma-Aldrich) in 100 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) containing 10 mM L-cysteine and 10 mM EDTA at 65 °C for 16 hours. A Blyscan assay kit (Biocolor Life Science Assays) was used for GAG, and the Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA Assay Kit for DNA. The three kits were used following manufacturer directions as has been done in similar studies by others (Cai et al., 2015 (link); Coppola et al., 2018 (link); A. Nazempour et al., 2017 (link)).