All experiments were repeated at least twice independently to ensure the reproducibility of the results. Data on the percentages of grapevine somatic embryos in the different developmental stages were statistically analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test. Data about the relative water content were statistically analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test. Data on ABA and ABA-GE contents in the somatic embryo aggregates were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA with the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. Statistical tests (P < 0.05) were performed using PASW Statistics 18 software (IBM, New Orchard Road, New York, USA).
Data from the qPCR were analyzed using iCycler iQ™ software (Real-Time Detection System Software (Bio-Rad, Windows ver. 3.0). The raw fluorescence data were analyzed using LinRegPCR software [42 (link)] to obtain the mean PCR efficiency for each primer pair. Relative gene expression was determined and statistically analyzed (P < 0.05) using the REST-2009© (Relative Expression Software Tool, ver. 2009, [71 (link)]) with PCR efficiency correction and normalization by two reference genes as validated for this plant material in the present work, and compared with the 2-ΔΔCq method.
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