The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) (7 (link)) contains six subscales, covering a broad spectrum of performance tasks: 1) biomechanical constraints, 2) stability limits, 3) transitions and anticipatory postural adjustments, 4) postural responses to perturbation, 5) sensory orientation while standing on a compliant or inclined base of support, 6) dynamic stability in gait with and without a cognitive task (Table 1). The BESTest consists of 27 items but some of them are subdivided into 2-4 subitems (e.g. for left and right sides) for a total of 36 tasks. Each item is scored on a 4-category ordinal scale from 0 (worst performance) to 3 (best performance). Specific patient and rating instructions, and stopwatch and ruler values are used to improve reliability (see www.bestest.us). Patients were rated by a physical therapist (M.G.) with four years of practice experience in balance assessment, who participated in a 1 week training course on the BESTest, at the Balance Disorders Laboratory - Oregon Health & Science University.