A total of 80 patients were initially included in the study between May 2022 and November 2022. Two patients were excluded from the study because of their use of medications different from the ones that were prescribed. Two other patients were excluded from the study because the couples refused ongoing treatment. Finally, this prospective study was carried out with a total of 76 women, who were treated at the assisted reproduction clinics of Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Women’s Health Training and Research Hospital of Ankara, Turkey. The study flow chart is given in Figure 1 . The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee (20.04.2022 2022/59). Patients who had a normal ovulatory function, semen analysis, and at the minimum a single patent fallopian tube were considered as having UEI and formed the study group (n = 40). The control group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with mild-moderate male factor infertility (n = 36).
Exclusion criteria included: a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2, age < 18 and > 40 years, a history of smoking, acute infection (within 14 days), chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, any systemic or endocrine disease, multiple embryo transfers, frozen-thaw cycles, moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), use of any medication including vitamin supplements and couples with severe male infertility including azoospermia and severe oligoasthenospermia.
Demographic characteristics (maternal and paternal ages, BMI), number of cycles, total dosages of gonadotropin, duration of infertility and stimulation were recorded. Basal serum hormone levels on day three (D3) of the cycle, antral follicle count, number of retrieved and metaphase II (MII) oocytes, Grade 1-2-3 embryos [14 (link)], blastocyst quality scoring (BQS) [15 (link)], day of embryo transfer (ET), clinical pregnancy after fresh transfer cycles and serum MPO/PON ratio were recorded.
Exclusion criteria included: a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2, age < 18 and > 40 years, a history of smoking, acute infection (within 14 days), chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, any systemic or endocrine disease, multiple embryo transfers, frozen-thaw cycles, moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), use of any medication including vitamin supplements and couples with severe male infertility including azoospermia and severe oligoasthenospermia.
Demographic characteristics (maternal and paternal ages, BMI), number of cycles, total dosages of gonadotropin, duration of infertility and stimulation were recorded. Basal serum hormone levels on day three (D3) of the cycle, antral follicle count, number of retrieved and metaphase II (MII) oocytes, Grade 1-2-3 embryos [14 (link)], blastocyst quality scoring (BQS) [15 (link)], day of embryo transfer (ET), clinical pregnancy after fresh transfer cycles and serum MPO/PON ratio were recorded.
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